Which type of scheme does Matthew fall victim to if he receives a fraudulent voicemail requesting personal information?

Matthew falls victim to vishing, which is a form of phishing conducted through voice communication, typically over the phone or through voicemail. In this scenario, the fraudulent voicemail is an attempt to deceive him into disclosing personal information. The term "vishing" combines "voice" and "phishing," and it often involves scammers posing as legitimate entities to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information.

This method commonly utilizes social engineering techniques where the scammer may create a sense of urgency or impersonate a trusted organization to persuade the victim to comply. In Matthew's case, the voicemail's request for personal information aligns perfectly with the characteristics of vishing, highlighting the importance of being cautious when receiving unsolicited requests for sensitive data through voice channels.

Understanding vishing helps individuals recognize the tactics employed by fraudsters and underscores the importance of verifying the identity of anyone requesting personal information over the phone.